igfold2d

Ig Proteomap topology rules

An Ig Proteomap is an explicit 2D projection of a 3D Ig-fold (β-sandwich) topology that preserves residue-residue contacts while making the sequential chain order visible. This document collects the rules that govern its construction. These rules apply to all Ig variants (IgV, IgC1, IgC2, IgI, FN3, …) and are encoded in the IgFold2D template format.

1. Sheet structure

The Ig-fold has two β-sheets:

Sheet Strands
Sheet 1 A · B · E · D
Sheet 2 (A’) · G · F · C · C’ · C”

A’ is present only in split A/A’ variants (IgV, IgI). When present, A is on sheet 1 and A’ on sheet 2; together they span both sheets at the N-terminus.

Strand presence varies by variant:

Variant Strands present Example
IgV A, A’, B, C, C’, C”, D, E, F, G antibody V domain
IgC1 A, B, C, D, E, F, G antibody C domain
IgC2 A, B, C, C’, D, E, F, G CD2
IgI A, A’, B, C, C’, D, E, F, G telokin
FN3 A, B, C, C’, E, F, G fibronectin type III

2. Spatial layout in 2D

3. Lace folding rules

These are the rules that govern how the dashed chain trace runs through the proteomap. They are non-negotiable for valid Ig proteomaps.

Rule Description
No crossing The lace never visually crosses itself on colored cells (strand cells). On empty placeholder cells the trace may overlap.
Turns at strand ends Right-angle turns happen above or below strands, never mid-loop. No “tourniquet” inside a loop.
Minimize bends Each strand-to-strand transition uses the minimum number of right-angle turns.
Anchor alignment All xx50 positions sit on one horizontal line — the anchor row.
Passes-behind Where a 3D chain crosses behind another in space, the 2D trace either crosses visibly (dashed is OK) or breaks visually with a gap marker.
Placeholder traversal Empty (white/gray) cells can be traversed as bridges; future residue insertions may land there.
n5xx → m5xx transitions Loops start at the end of the exiting strand and end at the start of the entering strand. Loop residue numbering is variable across domains (may inherit from either flanking strand).

4. Loop hints

Because some transitions admit multiple equally short routes, the template format supports explicit loop hints — waypoints the chain must pass through:

"loop_hints": {
  "6546-6547": [
    [7, 6], [7, 5], [7, 4], [8, 4], [9, 3], [10, 4]
  ]
}

Each entry is keyed "from_igstrand-to_igstrand" and lists intermediate [row, col] waypoints. Between consecutive waypoints the chain is drawn as a straight line; non-colinear pairs become L-shapes.

Loop hints can also include explicit gaps for “passes-behind”:

"loop_hints": {
  "1852-2543": [
    {"via": [10, 7]}, {"via": [10, 6]}, {"via": [10, 5]},
    {"jump": [10, 2]}    // pen-lift, trace gap from F11 to C11
  ]
}

(The widget supports both inline tuples and explicit {via}/{jump} objects.)

5. Variability across domains

6. Cell addressability

Every cell in the grid is addressable by any of:

This lets the widget interoperate with any external numbering scheme.

7. References